Social Issues in India - An Overview - BYJUS Like in much of the world, social isolation, economic insecurity and the loss of loved ones have become major drivers of anxiety, depression, stress and other challenges. Refugees did not have access to the public education system. One of the largest issues in Malaysia is tension between these people groups. The worst floods in decades in some states have tempered the recovery in . Thank you for this excellent article. In May the National Union of Journalists Peninsular Malaysia, the Centre for Independent Journalism, and Gerakan Media Merdeka issued a statement in response to five incidents where authorities questioned and investigated journalists early in the year. The Vulnerability of Jobs to COVID-19: The Case of Malaysia - World Bank A prominent human rights advocate stated, the amount is not punitive. Nine cabinet positions were held by women. While recent data was very limited, a 2012 study by a professor at the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, found that more than 93 percent of approximately 1,000 Muslim women surveyed in three of the countrys 13 states had undergone the procedure. Media reported the prison only informed the family on February 19 and only agreed to conduct an autopsy after the family filed a police report. The government cracked down on migrants, particularly Rohingya, who were put into detention centers for what it claimed was COVID-19-related quarantine.. Homelessness In Malaysia - Wiki impact According to MACC, authorities arrested 337 public officials for corruption and bribery from January to August. A consortium of NGOs released a formal report in 2018 detailing irregularities in the election, including vote buying, the use of public funds for partisan activity, and allegations of biased behavior by public officials. New government buildings generally had a full range of facilities for persons with disabilities. UNHCR declared that the deportees included at least six individuals registered with the agency. The NGO Sisters in Islam declared that Kelantan first minister Ahmad Yakobs characterization of the code as restorative and retributive posed a grave concern and asked what this meant for actions deemed crimes under the code in the context of the looming tabling of legislation in federal parliament allowing sharia courts to mete out stiffer penalties. Occupational Safety and Health: Occupational health and safety laws cover all sectors of the economy except the maritime sector and the armed forces. Indigenous persons in peninsular Malaysia, known as Orang Asli, who number approximately 200,000, constituted the poorest group in the country and had very little ability to participate in decisions that affected them. Migrant workers must undergo mandatory testing for more than 16 illnesses as well as pregnancy. Before and during that campaign, opposition politicians and civil society organizations alleged electoral irregularities and systemic disadvantages for opposition groups due to a lack of media access for the opposition and malapportioned districts favoring the then ruling coalition. In July Speaker of the Lower House Azhar Harun repeatedly told female opposition members to shut up during parliamentary proceedings. Malaysia's Ministry of Health (KKM) reported that one in three of the country's adults are at risk of developing mental health condition for the last 5 years. It has been identified that the leading causes for homelessness are unemployment, poverty, old age and abandonment, . Employers or employees who violate occupational health and safety laws are subject to fines, imprisonment, or both. Civilian authorities at times did not maintain effective control over security forces. The government reserved large quotas for the bumiputra majority for positions in the federal civil service as well as for vocational permits and licenses in a wide range of industries, which greatly reduced economic opportunity for minority groups (see section 6, Systemic Racial or Ethnic Violence and Discrimination). Religious and cultural taboos against same-sex sexual conduct were widespread (see section 2.a., Nongovernmental Impact). Anti-Semitism was a serious problem across the political spectrum and attracted wide support among segments of the population. Widespread school closures due to Covid-19 may also increase risks of child marriage, as research shows that leaving education is highly correlated with girls being married off. Authorities, however, often treated children exploited in commercial sex as offenders or undocumented immigrants rather than as victims. The Immigration Department announced that it had revoked the work permit of Mohammed Rayhan Kabir, a migrant worker from Bangladesh who featured in the documentary. A code of practice guides all government agencies, employers, employee associations, employees, and others with respect to placement of persons with disabilities in private-sector jobs. The proposed commission would not even be able to visit lock-ups without giving advance notice, and is precluded from even investigating any act covered by the standing orders issued by the police inspector general. Malaysia's political turmoil: Five things to know - Al Jazeera The erosion of support for Muhyiddin's government is tied to four issues. Parts of the country were hit with devastating floods that . It also affects how people react to certain situations. Moreover, those graduates with essential skills are more preferable compared to them who does not have any skills. As of the same date, there were 1,490 detainees younger than 21 at immigration depots and temporary immigration depots nationwide. The law requires workers to use safety equipment and cooperate with employers to create a safe, healthy workplace, but it does not specify a right to remove oneself from a hazardous or dangerous situation without penalty. Malaysian Politics: What Just Happened and the Political Outlook The Malaysian Trades Union Congress reported that 12-, 14-, and 18-hour days were common in food and other service industries. List of 150 Social Issues Topics and Ideas for 2023 - EduBirdie The Ministry of Home Affairs maintained a list of more than 1,700 banned publications as of November 2020. In October UNHCR estimated there were 9,040 stateless persons residing in peninsular Malaysia, the majority of whom were of Indian Tamil ethnicity. Social problems can relate to governments, social behavior, social structure, environmental and economic problems. Opposition members of parliament, media, lawyers, and civil society activists called the ordinance draconian and prone to abuse because fake news was not clearly defined. Biggest Social Issues . The new government has taken a hard line on refugees, with the home minister stating that they have no status, rights, or basis to present any demands to the government. The authorities pushed boatloads of desperate Rohingya refugees who were trying to reach Malaysias shores back out to sea, claiming that they were doing so to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The NGO EDICT called for an inquiry, adding that for police to abuse tactics to force suspects to confess is inappropriate. In September, Home Affairs Minister Hamzah announced police had started an inquest into the death. The government confirmed in September 2020 that Malaysia will not entertain requests from China to extradite Uyghur refugees and will allow them safe passage to third countries. On May 13, police detained two boys, ages 12 and 13, at a local police station in Sentul, a suburb of Kuala Lumpur, on suspicion of throwing firecrackers at policemen sent to disperse a crowd of approximately 200 setting off fireworks. Baseline figures of stateless persons and persons at risk of statelessness in Sabah, where approximately 80,000 Filipino Muslim refugees resided, were unavailable. They were released on bail the next day. Since then, authorities have opened investigations into numerous activists and opposition politicians for speech critical of the government. For refugees in Muslim marriages, the observers claimed authorities often accepted a UNHCR document or other documentation in lieu of a passport as proof of citizenship. UNHCR registers children born to refugees (see section 2.g., Stateless Persons). The officials were allegedly offered cash and women for sexual services to ignore the cartels activities. Aug 5th 2021. The government focused on preventing sexual exploitation of children, including sex trafficking. Malaysia continues to permit child marriage under both civil and Islamic law, in violation of its obligations under international law. Published by Statista Research Department , Oct 5, 2022. In February 2020 the Pakatan Harapan coalition collapsed, and power transferred to the Malay-dominated Perikatan Nasional coalition which included the main Barisan Nasional components, headed by Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin. In May families of 10 inmates filed police reports after their incarcerated relatives claimed to have been abused while under quarantine at Jelebu Prison in Negeri Sembilan. Also, there will be strong sentiments for or against reservations. The law provides for limited freedom of association and for certain categories of workers to form and join trade unions, subject to a variety of legal and practical restrictions. Eight of 14 Federal Court judges were women, including Chief Justice Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat. The BN lost to an opposition alliance . Recently, the statistics have shown an increase in abortion. I panicked because I was made to believe that I had committed something wrong. Non-Muslims are not subject to sharia. Although faculty members sometimes publicly criticized the government, public university academics whose career advancement and funding depended on the government practiced self-censorship. State religious authorities reportedly forced LGBTQI+ persons to participate in conversion therapy, treatment, or rehabilitation programs to cure them of their sexuality. In the election the Pakatan Harapan coalition unseated the ruling Barisan Nasional coalition, marking the first federal transition of power between coalitions since independence in 1957. See the Department of States International Religious Freedom Report at https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/. Authorities often charged transgender persons with indecent behavior and importuning for immoral purposes in public. SOSMA allows for preventive detention of up to 28 days with no judicial review for a broadly defined range of security offenses. Both the 1959 Prevention of Crime Act and the 2015 Prevention of Terrorism Act give government-appointed boards the authority to impose detention without trial for up to two years, renewable indefinitely, to order electronic monitoring, and to impose other significant restrictions on freedom of movement and association. A youth coalition press statement slammed the use of sedition as excessive intimidation of ordinary individuals. It finds that about 64.5 percent of jobs in Malaysia cannot be performed from home, after . For examples of social problems in Malaysia include crime, violence, gangsterism, drug abuse, baby dumping, vandalism, and young relationship among youth. Civil and criminal law exempt men older than 50, unless convicted of rape, and all women from caning. Teenagers who abuse alcohol increase their risk of negative health effects because their organs, brain and mental capabilities are still growing. True statements may be considered defamatory if they contravene the public good. The government and its supporters used these laws, along with provisions against sedition, to punish and suppress publication of material critical of government officials and policies. The Judges Ethics Committee suspended Court of Appeal judge Hamid Sultan Abu Backer from February through August because of an affidavit he filed in 2019 as part of a lawsuit against then chief justice Richard Malanjum. Three potential challenges for HR in Malaysia - Human Resources Online What are the current issues in our society? The law also restricts the formation of unions of workers in similar trades, occupations, or industries. Some observers indicated that children born to Muslim refugees and asylum seekers often had an easier time obtaining citizenship than non-Muslim refugees and asylum seekers. The law imposes limitations on student associations and on student and faculty political activity. The prevalence of suicidal behaviour among adolescents is 17.1%, in which 11.9% had suicidal thoughts, 10.2% had a suicide plan, and 8.4% had made a suicide attempt. . Crowded and understaffed courts often resulted in lengthy pretrial detention, sometimes lasting several years. When the attorney general orders an official inquiry, a coroners court convenes, and the hearing is open to the public. Women experienced some economic discrimination in access to employment. Nationwide Emergency. Malaysias faltering reform movement was halted in March when the Pakatan Harapan coalition collapsed and was replaced by a new coalition comprised of the United Malays National Organization (UMNO), the Malaysian Islamic Parti (PAS), and defectors from the Pakatan Harapan coalition. Media outlets reported numerous cases of alleged official corruption during the year. The governments Enforcement Agency Integrity Commission, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and SUHAKAM monitored prisons on a case-by-case basis. Access to those in detention centers was often significantly limited. Members of the Malaysian Bar Council, NGO representatives, and other observers expressed serious concern about significant limitations on judicial independence, citing several high-profile instances of arbitrary verdicts, selective prosecution, and preferential treatment of some litigants and lawyers. Protests deemed acceptable by the government usually proceeded without interference. While authorities generally recorded votes accurately, there were irregularities perpetrated by the former Barisan Nasional coalition government that affected the fairness of elections. The UN panel urged the country to abolish the practice. Many scholars have identified fundamental differences between the causes and consequences of issues experienced the rural and urban sectors. In February the High Court sentenced former federal minister and Negeri Sembilan States longest serving chief minister, Isa Samad, to six years imprisonment and a 15.4 million ringgit ($3.7 million) fine on nine counts of corruption and bribery for accepting three million ringgit ($720,000) in bribes in connection with luxury hotel purchase transactions. In December the NGO Suaram stated that deaths in police custody were severely underreported and reported there were 19 custodial deaths from January 20 through November 16. Malaysiakini reported that the practice of period spot checks dated as far back as 20 years. Malaysia's polarizing divides remain dominant and seem entrenched. Malaysia has also joined the World Health Organizations Solidarity Call to Action, calling for a Covid-19 Technology Access Pool to realize equitable global access to Covid-19 health technologies through pooling of knowledge, intellectual property and data., Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in close to 100 countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice, Human Rights Watch is a 501(C)(3)nonprofit registered in the US under EIN: 13-2875808, Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Trafficking Victims, Bidens Challenge: Redeeming a US Role for Human Rights, Addressing the Climate Crisis in Times of Pandemic, From Flight Logs to Homeschooling, Human Rights Watch Grapples with Covids Challenges, As Online Gender-Based Violence Booms, Governments Drag Their Feet, The Other Pandemic: Fighting Inequality as We Beat Back Covid, Poverty, Pandemic, Police Violence: Ongoing Crises Demand the US Address Pervasive Racism. The incompatibility in the focus of higher education institution and the needs of labour market. The law does not recognize marital rape as a crime. Islamic authorities may enter private premises without a warrant to apprehend Muslims suspected of engaging in offenses such as gambling, consumption of alcohol, and sexual relations outside marriage. nstagram takipi satn almak istiyorsan tkla. Censorship or Content Restrictions: The government maintained the ability to censor media. 03 / Select Countries You can add more than one country or area. Observers noted that authorities took claims seriously, but victims were often reluctant to report sexual harassment because of the difficulty of proving the offense and the lengthy trial process. An auditor general is responsible, per the constitution, for auditing the accounts of the federal and state governments, government agencies, and other public authorities. Freedom of Expression: The law prohibits sedition and public comment on issues defined as sensitive, including racial and religious matters or criticism of the king or ruling sultans. Although the National Union of Plantation Workers reported it was rare to find children involved in plantation work in peninsular Malaysia, others reported instances of child labor on palm oil plantations across the country. Smoking . The Malaysian Trades Union Congress is a registered society of trade unions in both the private and government sectors that does not have the right to bargain collectively or strike but may provide technical support to affiliated members. In February the government introduced the Workers Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act as an emergency ordinance during the state of emergency compelling employers and centralized accommodation providers to provide lodging with sufficient living space and amenities for migrant workers to effectively control the spread of COVID-19. Activist Numan Afifi expressed concerns about the escalation and trend towards more prosecution against the LGBTQI+ community in Malaysia, including separate proposals in April to increase sentencing terms against LGBTQI+ offenses under sharia. Saddiq pleaded not guilty in a lower court in Johor State to two counts of money laundering, involving 100,000 ringgit ($24,000). Five Global Issues to Watch in 2021 | unfoundation.org 1. 7 Social issues that Teens face in 2021 - Jonny Shannon NGOs operated static and mobile clinics, but their number and access were limited. The 22 Most Important Issues Facing Malaysia in 2022 More than half of informal workers were male, and more than three-quarters were in the cities. The number detained in these centers was not publicly available. In June the government expanded social security coverage to local and migrant domestic workers. In other cases the law allows investigative detention for up to 28 days to prevent a criminal suspect from fleeing or destroying evidence during an investigation. Ahmad Marzuk also announced a special multiagency government task force, including the government multimedia agency and police, to monitor posts related to LGBTQI+ issues. The law requires a permit to own a printing press, and printers often were reluctant to print publications critical of the government due to fear of reprisal. Beyond Blue on 1300 22 46 36. Employers may immediately deport pregnant or ill workers. See the Department of States Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/. There were confrontations between indigenous communities and logging companies over land, and uncertainty over their land tenure made indigenous persons vulnerable to exploitation. 2020 was an extremely happening year - well, Covid-19, and a General Election that took place amidst this pandemic. Hamid was the first judge suspended since the statute establishing the ethics committee came into effect in 2010. In August 2020, the Federal Court upheld the constitutionality of the mandatory death penalty. The law does not prohibit discrimination with respect to race, religion, national origin, color, sex, ethnicity, disability, age, sexual orientation, HIV or AIDS status, or refugee status in employment and hiring; the director general of labor may investigate discrimination in the terms and conditions of employment for both foreign and local employees. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. That year, Malaysia's GDP contracted by 7.4 per cent. According to the Director of Enforcement of the Immigration Department met by the mission, there are reportedly 1,9 million foreign workers in Malaysia and 5 to 600 000 people would be there illegally. This makes up 51% of the 1,708 . Although the law does not require groups to obtain a permit for assemblies, police frequently placed time, location, and other restrictions on the right to assemble. The violations included failure to comply with building capacity, operating without permission, failure to provide entry and exit route and nonadherence to social distancing.. The investigation remained open at time of writing. UNHCR noted that because most schooling was virtual during the year, some populations, such as Rohingya, allowed girls to participate in schooling virtually when they would have been prohibited from attending in person. At time of writing, the government had not made public the report or taken steps to end the mandatory penalty. The charges came on top of two other corruption charges against Saddiq on July 22 for misappropriation of one million ringgit ($240,000) in funds that belonged to his former political party, Bersatu, led by Prime Minister Muhyiddin. The law provides for six to 20 years imprisonment and caning for persons convicted of incest. Inspectors have the authority to conduct unannounced inspections and initiate sanctions. Several UN experts expressed concern that the crackdown was severely undermining efforts to fight the pandemic and immigration detention centers subsequently reported an increase in confirmed cases of Covid-19.
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